In 1948 the
United Nations began addressing the crisis in Jammu and Kashmir, and in January
of that year the Security Council, with the agreement of both Pakistan and
India, first passed a resolution urging measures to improve the situation
followed by one setting up a Security Council Commission (later named the
United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan) to defuse the armed
confrontations. In April, 1948, the Security Council first addressed the
question of a plebiscite to determine the future of the State of Jammu and
Kashmir. Under Security Council resolution 47/48, the Security Council
Commission was enlarged to five persons and ordered to travel to the area at
once and
place its good offices and mediation at the disposal of the Governments of India and Pakistan with a view to facilitating the necessary measures, both with respect to the restoration of peace and order and to the holding of a plebiscite by the two governments.
On August 13, 1948, the Security Council Commission, now called the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan, adopted a resolution mandating a cease-fire and withdrawal of troops. This was followed by another resolution which included principles regarding the plebiscite which was now to be under the authority of the Security Council itself. The Peace Plan proposed by the Commission for India and Pakistan and accepted by both parties had three stages: (1) a cease fire, (2) a truce involving an agreed plan for a balanced military withdrawal of both sides and (3) a plebiscite. The cease fire took effect on January 1, 1949.
Also in January 1949, the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) was established with a mandate "to supervise, in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the cease-fire between Indian and Pakistan." It continues today, with 38 military observers.
India objected to the truce plan proposed by the Commission for India and Pakistan. The Commission proposed arbitration over the truce plan with Admiral Nimitz as arbitrator. Pakistan accepted this plan. However, even with strong appeals for this arbitration made by U.S. President Truman and United Kingdom Prime Minister Attlee, India refused to accept arbitration over the truce.
place its good offices and mediation at the disposal of the Governments of India and Pakistan with a view to facilitating the necessary measures, both with respect to the restoration of peace and order and to the holding of a plebiscite by the two governments.
On August 13, 1948, the Security Council Commission, now called the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan, adopted a resolution mandating a cease-fire and withdrawal of troops. This was followed by another resolution which included principles regarding the plebiscite which was now to be under the authority of the Security Council itself. The Peace Plan proposed by the Commission for India and Pakistan and accepted by both parties had three stages: (1) a cease fire, (2) a truce involving an agreed plan for a balanced military withdrawal of both sides and (3) a plebiscite. The cease fire took effect on January 1, 1949.
Also in January 1949, the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) was established with a mandate "to supervise, in the State of Jammu and Kashmir, the cease-fire between Indian and Pakistan." It continues today, with 38 military observers.
India objected to the truce plan proposed by the Commission for India and Pakistan. The Commission proposed arbitration over the truce plan with Admiral Nimitz as arbitrator. Pakistan accepted this plan. However, even with strong appeals for this arbitration made by U.S. President Truman and United Kingdom Prime Minister Attlee, India refused to accept arbitration over the truce.
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